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Linux Terminal Cheat Sheet
A list of terminal hacks, short-cuts and time savers we use locally and via SSH to speed up daily tasks.
- tab key - press while using the command-line to automatically complete command names as well as system paths - you may need to activate tab-completion.
- cursor up / down - view the history of the commands you have entered.
- ctrl r - search for a previously entered command starting with the characters you begin to type - STAR TIP
- dmesg | tail - output what's going on
- apt-cache policy $application name$ - get info about app
- cat /proc/cpuinfo - info about cpu
- lsb_release -rd - ubuntu version
- sudo /opt/lampp/lampp stop - stop xmapp
- sudo /opt/lampp/lampp start - start xampp
- lsusb - get info about connected usb devices
- sudo nautilus - open nautilus as root, good for permission issues and deleting stuck files
- free - see memory usage
- top - see active applications and memory usage
- cd - change directory
- cp - copy file
- mkdir - make directory
- cd ~/ - change to user root
- sudo apt-get update - update system / apps.
- sudo apt-get install $application name$ - install app from repository
- sudo apt-get remove --purge $application name$ - remove said app
- sudo gedit /path/to/file - open file to edit as root
- ps aux - output of installed and running apps.?
- uname -r - kernel version
- dpkg --print-architecture - get PC architecture
- exit - close the terminal nicely
- history - view all your command efforts
- clear - quick way to clear terminal screen
- sudo - Execute each command as root, which is safer than actually switching into root via “su”.
- ifconfig - Displays the network card connection/configuration.
- sudo apt-get install PackageName - Will install the whatever “PackageName” I typed and the dependancy files.
- sudo shutdown -h now - Shuts down my Ubuntu and powers it off right away.
- && - Command to complete more that one action. For example: sudo make && make install - Which runs the “make” script and then installs the “made” package.
- ping 10.0.1.1 - Sends test packets to whatever IP you type in, to help troubleshoot network connections.
- apt-get moo - Just to look smart! ;) Try it!
- cat /etc/issue - Displays the current Ubuntu version.
- wget http://syserr.com/stuff/madwifi-cvs-20051025.tar.gz - Will download the file from any URL you enter after “wget”
- tar -zxfv madwifi-cvs-20051025.tar.gz - Will uncompress the downloaded file,
- z means “Gunzip(uncompress) it before extracting, used on file ending in .tar.gz or .tgz”
- x means “Extract the contents of the TAR file”
- f means “Filename to follow”
- v means “Verbose - display contents as it is tarring or extracting”
- chmod x install.sh - Command that says “Make the script file install.sh executable”. I sometimes run into this after using wget and trying to run installer scripts.
- sudo apt-get autoclean - Removes partial packages.
- sudo cp /home/roger/backups/bk03072008.tar.gz /var/www/downloads - Copies a file from one directory to another directory. (in this case the file bk03072008.tar.gz was copied to the /var/www/downloads directory). If you don’t want to copy but move the file, change cp to mv.
- find . -name “*.odt” - When looking for OpenOffice documents (in the current directory and all it’s subdirectories) or find ./roger -name network_notes.odt when I know the exact name of the file.
- .. - Move up one level in the directory structure.
- iwlist scan - Dislay wireless networks that are in range.
- mkisofs -V LABEL -r dir | gzip > backups.iso.gz - Makes a CD image of the backup directory contents
- cdrecord -v dev=/dev/cdrom blank=fast - Quick command to erase a CDRW
- history -c - In a multiuser environment, it is sometimes not good to leave history. Of course you can just “exit” to leave the terminal.
- arch - Displays the processor architecture so I know if I should download i386, i686 based application pakages.
- whereis something - Displays where “something” is stored.
